浅谈加工贸易在经济发展地位.docVIP

浅谈加工贸易在我国经济发展的地位、作用及转型升级分析摘要:加工贸易在我国随着改革开放的不断深入而不断壮大，自1996年以来，加工贸易在我国进出口贸易总额中一直占据半壁江山。目前加工贸易涉及到我国绝大部分产业，在拉动国民经济健康发展、推动国内配套产业发展、促进国内产业结构调整和技术进步、利用内外资方面发挥了积极作用。但是，在加工贸易发展的同时，也存在着一些问题，例如造成我国外贸依存度过高，冲击了国内相关原料工业的发展，加剧了国际间贸易摩擦和加工贸易带来的走私问题等都给国民经济带来了负面影响。本文分析了我国加工贸易的现状及在国民经济发展中的地位与作用，在此基础上分析了加工贸易存在的一些问题，并从政府角度探讨了推进我国加工贸易尽快转型升级的方向。 关键词：加工贸易；地位作用；转型升级?Abstract: With the processing trade in China’s reform and opening up in-depth and go from strength to strength since 1996, China’s import and export of processing trade in total trade has been to occupy half. At present, China’s processing trade involving most of the industry, pulling in the healthy development of national economy and promote the development of domestic industries and promote domestic industrial restructuring and technological progress, with the use of foreign capital has played an active role. However, the development of processing trade at the same time, there are a number of issues, such as the cause of our excessive dependence on foreign trade, the impact of domestic raw materials industry, increased international trade and processing trade friction caused by the problem of smuggling and so on given Had a negative impact on the national economy. This paper analyzes the current situation of China’s processing trade and in national economic development status and role, based on this analysis of the processing trade, a number of problems, and from the perspective of promoting China’s processing trade in the direction of the transformation and upgrading as soon as possible.? Key words: processing trade; the role of status; upgrade ? 一、加工贸易在我国经济发展中的地位和作用 ? 随着科学技术的进步，经济全球化进程的加快，国际分工不断发展，跨国公司的直接投资大幅度增加，生产国际化日益扩大，加工贸易成为国际贸易的重要方式。 从广义上讲，加工贸易是外国的企业（通常是工业发达国家和新兴工业化国家和地区的企业）以投资方式把某些生产能力转移到东道国或者利用东道国已有的生产能力为自己加工装配产品，然后运出东道国境外销售。这种跨越国界的生产加工和销售成为加工贸易的显著特征。加工贸易同国际投资及国际贸易紧密相连，体现了商品和资本交换的国际化。 从狭义上讲，加工贸易是部分国家对来料或进料加工采用海关保税监管的贸易。由于一些发展中国家存在较多的关税或非关税壁垒，为了扩大对外贸易或吸引外商直接投资，采取了对来料或进料方式进口的原材料、零部件由海关实行保税监管的办法。狭义的加工贸易是一种比较新的现