WHO西太区及“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较.docVIP

WHO西太区及“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较 　 【关键词】 语言学 科学 术语 翻译 英语 中医名词 五行学说 Keywords: linguistics; terminology; translation; English; terms, traditional Chinese medicine; five elements theory 毕业论文 《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》［1］中，一共收录了51条有关五行学说的术语，“世界中医药学会联合会”（以下简称世中联）的标准《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》［2］中则收录了103条。这些术语的翻译与通行译法基本一致，如将木、火、土、金、水译为wood，fire，earth，metal，water。但一些关键词语的翻译却多参照海外译法而行，如将“五行”译为five phases（同时也罗列出了five elements这一通行译法），将“生”译作engender，将“乘”译作overwhelming，将“侮”译作rebellion。将“克”译作restrain，倒与通行译法相近。下面试结合“世中联”的标准，对WHO方案中有关五行学说主要概念的翻译问题加以分析比较。 五行five phases － the five phases: wood, fire, earth, metal and water, and thEir movements and changes, also known as five elements. 木wood － one of the five phases, with which the season spring, the color blue or green, the taste sourness, and the liver and gallbladder in the body are associated. 火fire － one of the five phases, with which the season summer, the color red, the taste bitterness, and the heart and small intestine in the body are associated. 论文代写 土earth － one of the five phases, with which the season of late summer, the color yellow, the taste sweetness, and the spleen and stomach in the body are associated. 论文代写 金metal － one of the five phases, with which the season autumn, the color white, the taste acriditypungent, and the lung and large intestine in the body are associated. 水water － (1) one of the five phases, with which the season winter, the color black, the taste saltiness, and the kidney and bladder in the body are associated; (2) pathologic aspect of body fluid. 论文代写 “五行”一般有3种译法：five elements, five phases, wuxing。从目前的使用情况来看，five elements 最为流行，且有约定俗成之势，值得采用。“世中联”的标准中就是将five elements作为首选译语，这与WHO的做法刚好相反。 “五行”中的“木、火、土、金、水”一般直译为wood, fire, earth, metal, water。对于“木”的翻译，以前也有过不同的意见。比如有的人认为，wood指木材，意即砍倒的树木；而“五行”的“木”则是指生长中的“树木”，所以建议用tree来翻译“木”。其实wood在英语中并不一定就是指经过加工的木材。 朗文当代高级英语辞典（Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English）给wood下的第一个定义就是“the material of which trunks and branches of trees ar