人破伤风疫苗免疫及抗-TT高效价血浆筛查方法探究.docVIP

人破伤风疫苗免疫及抗-TT高效价血浆筛查方法探究 　【摘要】 目的 研究人破伤风疫苗免疫方法对供血浆者抗-TT效价的影响，筛查符合制备人破伤风免疫球蛋白标准的原料血浆的检测方法。方法 对符合规定的志愿供血浆者进行分组，以同一剂量不同免疫程序进行免疫。采用ELISA定量检测两组供血浆者抗-TT效价水平，将抗-TT效价≥80IU/ml的供血浆者列为采集特免血浆对象，并将其血浆样作小鼠试验进行效价的复检。结果 供血浆者组别间相同剂量疫苗不同免疫程序产生高效价抗-TT的比率比较差异明显；0、4周免疫程序组产生高效价的比率明显高于0、8周免疫程序组，而且前者抗-TT高效价持续时间较后者的长。经ELISA初筛检测达标的血样经小鼠中和试验法复查，两结果比较差异无显著性。结论 采用40IU吸附破伤风疫苗，0、4周程序免疫供血浆者可获得高效价抗-TT原料血浆，两种程序均可提高供血浆者的抗破伤风抗体水平，能够达到终身保护的浓度。同时还进一步证实了ELISA检测方法用于大规模筛查抗-TT高效价原料的可行性。 【关键词】 破伤风疫苗 供血浆者 抗-TT;ELISA法 【Abstract】 Objective Investigating the effect of immunized procedure of tetanus toxoid (TT) on the anti-TT titer of plasma donor and screening the test Methods Used for detecting Source plasma according with the demands of anti-TT IgG. The plasma donors were divided into two groups and then the subjects were immunized with tetanus toxoid with the different procedures (the same dosage). The anti-TT IgG titer of plasma donor was detected by ELISA kits. The plasma donor that the titer of anti-TT antibody isgt;80 IU/ml was regard as a special immunol plasma donor use for selecting plasma. Results Indicated that the ratio of the high titer of anti-TT antibody between two groups is of the distinct difference, the ratio of high titer of antibody in the group immunized according to 0 and 4 week is higher than that of other group(0 and 8 week procedure), and the anti-TT titer of the former?s sample can maintain for longer time. The results of retesting the samples which were in keeping with the standard using ELISA showed that have no difference between two groups. Conclusion The anti-TT IgG titer plasma donor in the group (0 and 4 week procedure)is higher,but both procedures can improve the level of anti-TT IgG of plasma donor,and ELISA is practicible for screening. 【Key words】 tetanus toxoid;plasma donor; anti-TT antibody; ELISA 破伤风是由产生毒素的破伤风杆菌引起的致死性传染病，其高毒力的痉挛毒素可阻断中枢神经系统的抑制性神经递质，引起肌肉强直和典型的全身痉挛，目前仍是全球众多地区的一个重要公共卫生问题，尤其是热带发展中国家最贫穷地区，母亲和新生儿破伤风的发病率和死亡率较高［1］。破伤风可通过免疫接种含破伤风类毒素（tetanus toxoid, TT）的疫苗来预防，破