利用随机扩增多态性DNA技术分析刺五加遗传多样性.docVIP

利用随机扩增多态性DNA技术分析刺五加遗传多样性 　 作者：邢朝斌，劳凤云，吴鹏，李玉彦，沈海龙 【摘要】 　　目的从DNA水平对收集的4个产地的刺五加进行遗传多样性分析，为更好地开发利用刺五加资源奠定基础。方法随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术分析遗传多样性，UPGMA进行聚类分析。结果10个随机引物扩增得到72条片段，多态性位点比率为88.89％。不同产地间的遗传相似系数在0.469 3～0.785 1之间，均值为0.629 3，同一产地不同居群间的遗传相似系数在0.563 0～0.954 2之间，均值为0.764 4。不同产地刺五加之间的遗传多样性高于同一产地不同居群的个体，其中产地穆棱的刺五加与产地和龙、本溪、尚志之间的相似性较低，单成一支。产地之间的相似性与地理距离呈不完全相关性。结论刺五加种群内部具有较高的遗传多样性，利用RAPD技术分析刺五加的遗传多样性是可行的。 【关键词】 刺五加 遗传多样性 扩增多态性DNA 　　Abstract：Objective In order to develop and utilize the resource of Eleutherococcus senticosus ,the genetic diversity of Eleutherococcus senticosus from four habitats were analyzed by RAPD analysis. MethodsRAPD was used to analyze the genetic similarity,then cluster analysis was carried out by UPGMA method.ResultsTen random primers generated 72 bands (rate of polymorphic bands was 88.89%). The genetic similarity index among different habitats were 0.469 3～0.785 1 (the mean value was 0.629 3), while the genetic similarity index among different populations of Eleutherococcus senticosus from the same habitat were 0.563 0～0.954 2 (the mean value was 0.764 4). The cluster analysis showed that the genetic diversity of Eleutherococcus senticosus from different habitats was higher than that of Eleutherococcus senticosus from different populations grown in the same habitat and the similarity of Eleutherococcus senticosus from Muling separated with that from other habitats from Helong, Benxi and Shangzhi. The results also showed that the similarity among habitats was partly in agreement with the geographic distance. ConclusionThe genetic diversity were high in the population of Eleutherococcus senticosus,so it is feasible to analyze the genetic diversity of Eleutherococcus senticosus from different habitats by RAPD. 　　Key words：Eleutherococcus senticosus; Genetic diversity; RAPD 　　刺五加Eleutherococcus senticosus是我国医药珍品，根、茎、叶均可入药。历代本草医药记载，其有益气健脾、补肾安神之功效，已载入《中国药典》（1977年版）。自20世纪70年代末以来以刺五加为原料生产的各种制剂和饮料等产品远销国外，因而使刺五加资源消耗与日俱增。在自然状态下刺五加有性生殖能力弱、无性繁殖困难，1992年出版的《中国植物红皮