变应性鼻炎相关基因探究.docVIP

变应性鼻炎相关基因探究 　【摘要】 变应性鼻炎与遗传因素有关,是一种遗传性疾病,是一种复杂的多基因遗传病,但还无具体的遗传模式和特征。有报道证实,遗传因素也可导致下呼吸道黏膜反应性增高或炎症加剧而引发哮喘。近年来通过流行病学调查获取特应症家系,对阳性个体的DNA进行微卫星标记物的连锁分析,已在此基础上有不少的基因区，如并报道了一些候选基因与IgE水平相关11q13区及12q，以及发现有关的核因子NF-B激活蛋白AP-1、组胺受体及相关基因、5-脂氧合酶（ALOX5）、抗血管紧张转换酶（ACE）、内皮素（ET-1）基因等参与变态反应，同时在一些基因中发现与该病有关的突变。但目前为止尚未报道该病的特异性致病基因，本文就近年来研究及进展与哲理进行探讨。 【关键词】 变应性鼻炎 基因 遗传性疾病 【Abstract】 Becoming to relate to heredity factor in response to allergic rhinitis, it be a kind of hereditary disease of complicated many gene hereditary disease, but still have no concrete heredity mode and characteristic. There were reports confirm, inherit factor can also cause lower breath tract mucosa respond that allergic increases a heighten or inflammation disease to turn worse but causes asthma. Obtaining in response to the disease house especially through epidemiology inquisition in recent years, to positive gender individual of the DNA carry on tiny satellite marking the catena of the analysis, already at this there aren?t a few gene areas on the foundation, such as some candidate for election genes and IgE level related 11q13 areas and 12 q, and detection relevant of the pit factor NF-B activated protein AP-1, histamine receptor and related gene, 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5), anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE), endothelin gene ET-1 etc.,participate allergic reaction. In the meantime, discover the mutation for having something to do with that disease in some genes. But currently didn?t yet report the particularity that should get sick with the result that the gene of disease, this article makes progress to discuss a evolvement with philosophy in recent years. 【Key words】 allergic rhinitis；gene；hereditary disorders 变应性鼻炎又称过敏性鼻炎, 是特应性个体接触致敏原后由IgE介导的介质(主要是组胺)释放、并有多种免疫活性细胞和细胞因子等参与的鼻黏膜慢性炎症反应性疾病，是世界范围内常见病,且不易被治愈。我国的变应性鼻炎患者由于人口众多,与其他国家相比,患者绝对数是惊人的,冷空气刺激、气候变化等是变应性鼻炎的危险因素,且大部分患者有家族史,家系和一级亲属患病率明显高于普通人群,说明变应性鼻炎有遗传性。同时提出了包括哮喘、鼻炎、过敏性皮疹在内的特应症的概念。近年来分子遗传学的研究表明，由于哮喘、变应性鼻炎、过敏性皮疹相同的特点，可能受相同的易感基因控制，同时，流行病学的资料也表明哮喘和变应性鼻炎是相关的上呼吸道炎