a cross-sectional study of secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms in non-current smokers in the u.s. trucking industry shs exposure and respiratory symptoms横断面研究二手烟暴露和呼吸道症状的非流动吸烟在美国卡车运输业暴露及呼吸道症状.pdfVIP

Laden et al. BMC Public Health 2013, 13:93 /1471-2458/13/93 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A cross-sectional study of secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms in non- current smokers in the U.S. trucking industry: SHS exposure and respiratory symptoms 1,2,3* 1 3,4 5 1,3 Francine Laden , Yueh-Hsiu Chiu , Eric Garshick , S Katharine Hammond and Jaime E Hart Abstract Background: Previous studies have suggested associations of adult exposures to secondhand smoke (SHS) with respiratory symptoms, but no study has focused on blue-collar industrial environments. We assessed the association between SHS and respiratory symptoms in 1,562 non-current smoking U.S. trucking industry workers. Methods: Information on SHS exposure and respiratory health was obtained by questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations of recent and lifetime exposures to SHS with chronic phlegm, chronic cough, and any wheeze, defined by American Thoracic Society criteria. Results: In analyses adjusted for age, gender, race, childhood SHS exposure, former smoking, pack-years of smoking and years since quitting, body mass index, job title, region of the country, and urban residence, recent exposures to SHS were associated with all three respiratory symptoms (odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00- 2.13) for chronic cough, 1.55 (95% CI = 1.08-2.21) for chronic phlegm, and 1.76 (95% CI = 1.41-2.21) for any wheeze). Workplace exposure was the most important recent exposure. Childhood exposure to SHS was also associated with all three symptoms, but only statistically significantly for chronic phlegm (OR = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.24-2.75). Additional years of living with a