高中英语定语从句第三次总复习探究.docVIP

DSE 精英英语高中专题系列 定语从句 ◆英语谚语欣赏 1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing. 不懂装懂，一事无成. 2. It’s the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下 3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼. Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 ◆ 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、whose、as 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、 where 考点一: 定语从句的关系代词 = Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be. ●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如： 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语） 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语） 3. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语） ●who, whom, whose: who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人 whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。 I like the students who/that work hard. （主语） All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.) Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. （宾语） a man from whom we should learn. = Hes a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人） 【注意1.?关系代词 whose，引导时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语；of whom 只能指人；of which 只能指物，有时 whose 可以与 of whom 和 of which 互换使用。如： The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。2.?“介词 + whose +名词” 引导。I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句 ●When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time, day, week, tear, month, etc.） He came last night when I was out. We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better. 注意：先行词为时间名词，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。 1.