红碱淖湿地遗鸥与其生境变化耦合关系分析-山东农业大学.PDFVIP

山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):186-193 VOL.47NO.22016 Journal of ShnadongAgriculturalUniversity (Natural Science Edition ) doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2324.2016.02.006 红碱淖湿地生境因子与遗鸥种群变化的耦合关系 * 向 莹,韦安磊,宋进喜,黄 安,高 欢,张一璇,郑晓青 西北大学城市与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710127 摘 要: 本文利用遥感数字图像与GIS 空间分析和灰色关联度的分析方法，对全球最大的遗鸥迁徙栖息地红碱淖湿地 2001~2011年间遗鸥种群繁殖数量与其生境敏感因子之间的耦合关系进行了分析。结果表明：2001~2011年间，保护 区内遗鸥栖息的主要场所湿地面积与湖心岛面积逐年减小，这与遗鸥种群繁殖数量持续稳定增长呈负相关。对生态 敏感因子进行分析可知，林地面积的增加以及沙地破碎度和草地破碎度的增加，改善了保护区内的生态景观和遗鸥 的栖息环境，这些因子与遗鸥种群繁殖数量存在强关联度，是影响红碱淖遗鸥种群繁殖数量持续稳定增长的关键因 子。遗鸥卵孵化率与水体面积、湖心岛面积、居民地破碎度、耕地面积存在高关联度，与保护区内人口增多，违法 捕猎行为以及造成的周围环境变化密切相关。 关键词: 遗鸥; 红碱淖湿地; 生境因子; 耦合 中图法分类号:Q143 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1000-2324(2016)02-0186-08 Coupling Relationship between Population Fluctuation of Relict GullsandHabitatFactorsinHongjianNurWetland * XIANG Ying, WEI An-lei , SONG Jin-xi, HUANG An, GAO Huan, ZHANG Yi-xuan,ZHENGXiao-qing Collegeof Urban andEnvironmentalSciences/Northwest University,Xian 710127,China Abstract:This paper analyzed the coupling relationship between habitat sensitive factors andpopulations ofrelict gulls from 2001to 2011in Hongjian Nur,thebiggest migrate andhabitat place all over the world,with remote sensing digital maps and the methods of GIS spatial analysis and grey correlation degree model.Theresults indicated there was anegative correlation between the decrease of the area of wetland and small islands in a lake year by year and the steady growth of populations of relict gulls.In terms of ecological sensitive factors,the improvement in the ecological landscape and thehabitat environment were going with the increase of woodland area, sand fragmentation and the grass fragmentation. These factors had a strong correlation with the breeding number of relict gulls, they were crucial in influencing the s