药用植物地理成分及海拔及中药性味相关性探究.docVIP

药用植物地理成分及海拔及中药性味相关性探究 　【摘要】 　　目的探讨药用植物地理成分及海拔与中药性味的相关性。方法利用四格表卡方检验法和相关分析法对上述相关性进行分析。结果苦味药在青藏高原成分中、辛味药和涩味药在华中成分中、甘味药和咸味药在蒙新荒漠成分中、寒性药在青藏高原成分中比例较高，具有极显著性差异或显著性差异。苦味药比例与海拔呈正线性相关，辛味药、咸味药、酸味药、淡味药与海拔之间呈负线性相关，寒性药与海拔之间呈强正线性相关，温性药、微温性药、平性药与海拔之间呈强负线性相关。结论初步认为药用植物中化学成分的产生和积累可能受到一定的环境影响，进而使地理成分及海拔与中药性味之间具有某些相关性。 【关键词】 药用植物　地理成分　海拔　中药性味 　　Abstract：ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between geographical components and altitude of medicinal plants and TCM taste characteristics. MethodsThe correlation was analyzed by fourfold table Chi-square test and correlation analysis method.ResultsThere was a higher proportion of bitter herbs in Himalaya elements as well as acrid and astringency in Central China elements, sweet and salty in Inner Mongolia-Xingjiang desert elements, cold natural herbs in Himalaya elements. Above results were significant. The proportion of bitter was positive correlated while that of acrid, salty, sour, mild is negatively correlated with the altitude respectively. There was a significant positive linear correlation between cold natural herbs and the altitude. A negative linear relationship was shown between warm nature herbs and the altitude, so do as tepid and neutral herbs.ConclusionThe preliminary conclusion is that production and accumulation of medicinal plants chemical composition are affected by certain environmental factors. Furthermore,there is correlation between geographical components and altitude of medicinal plant and TCM taste characteristics. 　　Key words：Medicinal plants; Geographical components; Altitude; TCM taste characteristics 药用植物是中药资源的组成主体，其药用价值的物质基础是它所含的有效成分。药用植物有效成分的形成与植物种原分布区及形成历史有一定相关性［1］。近年来随着研究的深入，药用植物分布与其中药性味之间的关系已引起人们的重视。日本学者桑木崇秀在1978年观察了生长环境对药性的影响，发现只在南部生长的18种药用植物中，有15种是热性药；我国学者李广骥先生对中药药性与其地理分布的统计结果表明：热（温）性药和平性药以我国偏南和中部地区分布较多［2～4］。植物的地理成分较为规律地反映了植物的现代地理分布，任何一个地区的植物区系都含有多种地理成分［5］。本研究拟从甘肃药用植物的地理成分及海拔与中药性味的相关性方面入手，以期更全面深入地反映它们之间的关系。 　　甘肃位于我国东部季风区、西北干旱区、青藏高寒区三大自然区交汇处，境内山地、高原、平川、河谷、沙漠、戈壁交错分布，海拔差异显著，最大海拔差高达5 258 m。多变的地貌和气候孕育了丰富的植物种类