原创力文档a potential role for the clathrin adaptor gga in drosophila spermatogenesis网格蛋白的潜在作用适配器gga果蝇精子发生.pdfVIP
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a potential role for the clathrin adaptor gga in drosophila spermatogenesis网格蛋白的潜在作用适配器gga果蝇精子发生
A potential role for the clathrin adaptor GGA in
Drosophila spermatogenesis
Hirst and Carmichael
Hirst and Carmichael BMC Cell Biology 2011, 12:22
/1471-2121/12/22 (20 May 2011)
Hirst and Carmichael BMC Cell Biology 2011, 12:22
/1471-2121/12/22
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
A potential role for the clathrin adaptor GGA in
Drosophila spermatogenesis
Jennifer Hirst1* and Jenny Carmichael2
Abstract
Background: GGAs (Golgi-localised, g-ear containing, ADP ribosylation factor-binding) are a family of clathrin
adaptors that sort a number of biologically important transmembrane proteins into clathrin-coated vesicles.
Knockout and knockdown studies to determine GGA function are confounded by the fact that there are 3 GGA
genes in mammalian cells. Thus Drosophila melanogaster is a useful model system to study tissue expression
profiles and knockdown phenotypes as there is a single GGA ortholog.
Results: Here we have quantified protein expression in Drosophila and show that there is 3-fold higher
expression of GGA in male flies relative to female flies. In female flies the majority of GGA expression is in the
head. In male flies GGA is not only expressed at high levels in the head but there is a gender specific increased
expression which is due to the abundant expression of GGA in the testes. Using a highly specific antibody we
have localised endogenous GGA protein in testes squashes, and visualised it in somatic and germ line cells. We
show that GGA is expressed during multiple stages of sperm development, and co-stains with a marker of the
trans-Golgi Network. This is most striking at the acroblast of early spermatids. In spite of the high expression of
GGA in testes, knocking down its expression by
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