analysis of the asymmetrically expressed ablim1 locus reveals existence of a lateral plate nodal-independent left sided signal and an early, left-right independent role for nodal flow分析不对称表达ablim1轨迹揭示了存在侧板nodal-independent左站信号和早期,左右独立节点流量的作用.pdfVIP

Stevens et al. BMC Developmental Biology 2010, 10:54 /1471-213X/10/54 R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Research article Analysis of the asymmetrically expressed Ablim1 locus reveals existence of a lateral plate Nodal-independent left sided signal and an early, left-right independent role for nodal flow 1 1,4 2,5,6 1 1 2 Jonathan Stevens , Alexander Ermakov , Jose Braganca , Helen Hilton , Peter Underhill , Shoumo Bhattacharya , Nigel A Brown3 and Dominic P Norris* 1 Abstract Background: Vertebrates show clear asymmetry in left-right (L-R) patterning of their organs and associated vasculature. During mammalian development a cilia driven leftwards flow of liquid leads to the left-sided expression of Nodal, which in turn activates asymmetric expression of the transcription factor Pitx2. While Pitx2 asymmetry drives many aspects of asymmetric morphogenesis, it is clear from published data that additional asymmetrically expressed loci must exist. Results: A L-R expression screen identified the cytoskeletally-associated gene, actin binding lim protein 1 (Ablim1), as asymmetrically expressed in both the node and left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). LPM expression closely mirrors that of Nodal. Significantly, Ablim1 LPM asymmetry was detected in the absence of detectable Nodal. In the node, Ablim1 was initially expressed symmetrically across the entire structure, resolving to give a peri-nodal ring at the headfold stage in a flow and Pkd2-dependent manner. The peri-nodal ring of Ablim1 expression became asymmetric by the mid- headfold stage, showing stronger right than left-sided expression. Node asymmetry became more apparent as development proceeded; expression retreated in