大肠结肠癌colorectal_cancer.pptVIP

What is it ? How it starts ? Risk Factors You Cant Control Risk Factors You Can Control Its warning Signs Screening Virtual Colonoscopy X-Rays of the Colon (Lower GI) X-Rays of the colon -- using a chalky liquid known as barium as a contrast agent -- allow your doctor a glimpse at the interior of the colon and rectum, offering another way to detect polyps, tumors, and changes in the intestinal tissue. Shown here is an apple core tumor constricting the colon. Like the virtual colonoscopy, any abnormalities that appear on the X-rays will need to be followed up with a conventional colonoscopy. Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer If testing reveals a possible tumor, the next step is a biopsy. During a colonoscopy, your doctor will remove polyps and take tissue samples from any parts of the colon that look unusual. This tissue is examined under a microscope to determine whether or not it is cancerous. Shown here is a color-enhanced, magnified view of colon cancer cells. Staging Colorectal Cancer If cancer is detected, it will be staged, a process of finding out how far the cancer has spread. Tumor size may not correlate with the stage of cancer. Staging also enables your doctor to determine what type of treatment you will receive. I – Cancer has not spread beyond the inside of the colon or rectum II – Cancer has spread into the muscle layer of the colon or rectum III - Cancer has spread to one or more lymph nodes in the area IV – Cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the liver, lung, or bones. This stage does NOT depend on how deep the tumor has penetrated or if the disease has spread to the lymph nodes near the tumor. Colorectal Cancer Survival Rates The outlook for your recovery depends on the stage of your cancer, with higher stages meaning more serious cancer. The five-year survival rate refers to the percentage of patients who live at least five years after being diagnosed. Stage I has a 93% five-year survival rate while stage IV has a five-year surv