原创力文档noether symmetries and covariant conservation laws in classical, relativistic and quantum physicsnoether对称性和协变的守恒定律在经典,相对论和量子物理.pdfVIP
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noether symmetries and covariant conservation laws in classical, relativistic and quantum physicsnoether对称性和协变的守恒定律在经典,相对论和量子物理
Symmetry 2010, 2, 970-998; doi:10.3390/sym2020970
OPEN ACCESS
symmetry
ISSN 2073-8994
/journal/symmetry
Review
Noether Symmetries and Covariant Conservation Laws in
Classical, Relativistic and Quantum Physics
Lorenzo Fatibene 1,2,⋆, Mauro Francaviglia 1,2,3 and Silvio Mercadante 1,2
1 Department of Mathematics, University of Torino, via C. Alberto 10, Torino, Italy
2 INFN, Sezione di Torino, Iniziativa Specifica Na12, Torino 10125, Italy
3 LCS, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
⋆ Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: lorenzo.fatibene@unito.it;
Tel.: +39-011-670-2933.
Received: 12 January 2010; in revised form: 13 April 2010 / Accepted: 21 April 2010 /
Published: 29 April 2010
Abstract: We review the Lagrangian formulation of (generalised) Noether symmetries in
the framework of Calculus of Variations in Jet Bundles, with a special attention to so-called
“Natural Theories” and “Gauge-Natural Theories” that include all relevant Field Theories
and physical applications (from Mechanics to General Relativity, to Gauge Theories,
´
Supersymmetric Theories, Spinors, etc.). It is discussed how the use of Poincare–Cartan
forms and decompositions of natural (or gauge-natural) variational operators give rise
to notions such as “generators of Noether symmetries”, energy and reduced energy
flow, Bianchi identities, weak and strong conservation laws, covariant
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