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origin of homochirality of amino acids in the biosphere起源homochirality氨基酸的生物圈
Symmetry 2010, 2, 1022-1032; doi:10.3390/sym2021022
OPEN ACCESS
symmetry
ISSN 2073-8994
/journal/symmetry
Review
Origin of Homochirality of Amino Acids in the Biosphere
Shosuke Kojo
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Nara 630-8506 Japan;
E-Mail: kojo@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp
Received: 21 January 2010; in revised form: 28 April 2010/ Accepted: 10 May 2010 /
Published: 13 May 2010
Abstract: Discussions are made concerning realistic mechanisms for the origin of
L-amino acids in the biosphere. As the most plausible mechanism, it is proposed that a
mixture of racemic amino acids in the prebiotic sea caused spontaneous and effective
optical resolution through self crystallization, even if asymmetric synthesis of a single
amino acid has never occurred without the aid of an optically active molecule. This
hypothesis is based on recrystallization of a mixture of D,L-amino acids in the presence of
excess of D,L-asparagine (Asn). The enantiomeric excess (ee) of each amino acid in the
resulting crystals indicates that crystallization of co-existing amino acids with the
configuration same as that of Asn took place, although it was incidental whether the
enrichment occurred in L- or D-amino acids. In addition, the resulting ee was sufficiently
high (up to 100%) to account for the predominance of L-amino acids
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