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pharmacological and therapeutic directions in adhd specificity in the pfc药理和治疗方向adhd pfc的特异性.pdf

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pharmacological and therapeutic directions in adhd specificity in the pfc药理和治疗方向adhd pfc的特异性

Behavioral and Brain Functions BioMed Central Review Open Access Pharmacological and therapeutic directions in ADHD: Specificity in the PFC Florence Levy Address: School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia Email: Florence Levy - f.levy@.au Published: 28 February 2008 Received: 21 October 2007 Accepted: 28 February 2008 Behavioral and Brain Functions 2008, 4:12 doi:10.1186/1744-9081-4-12 This article is available from: /content/4/1/12 © 2008 Levy; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Recent directions in the treatment of ADHD have involved both a broadening of pharmacological perspectives to include nor-adrenergic as well as dopaminergic agents. A review of animal and human studies of pharmacological and therapeutic directions in ADHD suggests that the D1 receptor is a specific site for dopaminergic regulation of the PFC, but optimal levels of dopamine (DA) are required for beneficial effects on working memory. Animal and human studies indicate that the alpha-2A receptor is also important for prefrontal regulation, leaving open the question of the relative importance of these receptor sites. The therapeutic effects of ADHD medicat