pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis a systematic review of literature药理干预治疗的急性影响大麻系统回顾文献.pdfVIP

Crippa et al. Harm Reduction Journal 2012, 9:7 /content/9/1/7 REVIEW Open Access Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature 1* 1 1 2 3 José AS Crippa , Guilherme N Derenusson , Marcos HN Chagas , Zerrin Atakan , Rocio Martín-Santos , Antonio W Zuardi1 and Jaime EC Hallak1 Abstract Background: Cannabis intoxication is related to a number of physical and mental health risks with ensuing social costs. However, little attention has been given to the investigation of possible pharmacological interactions in this condition. Objective: To review the available scientific literature concerning pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis. Methods: A search was performed on the Pubmed, Lilacs, and Scielo online databases by combining the terms cannabis, intoxication, psychosis, anxiety, and treatment. The articles selected from this search had their reference lists checked for additional publications related to the topic of the review. Results: The reviewed articles consisted of case reports and controlled clinical trials and are presented according to interventions targeting the physiological, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms provoked by cannabis. The pharmacological interventions reported in these studies include: beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, antagonists of CB-1 and GABA-benzodiazepine receptors, antipsychotics, and cannabidiol. Conclusion: Although scarce, the evidence on pharmacological interventions for the management of cannabis intoxication suggests that propanolol and rimonabant are the most effective compounds currently available to treat the physiological and s