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phototactic and chemotactic signal transduction by transmembrane receptors and transducers in microorganismsphototactic和趋化现象的跨膜受体和信号转导的微生物传感器.pdf

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phototactic and chemotactic signal transduction by transmembrane receptors and transducers in microorganismsphototactic和趋化现象的跨膜受体和信号转导的微生物传感器

Sensors 2010, 10, 4010-4039; doi:10.3390/s100404010 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Phototactic and Chemotactic Signal Transduction by Transmembrane Receptors and Transducers in Microorganisms Daisuke Suzuki 1, Hiroki Irieda 1, Michio Homma 1, Ikuro Kawagishi 2,3 and Yuki Sudo 1,4,* 1 Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan; E-Mails: 4dsksuzu@bunshi4.bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (D.S.); hiro-iri-nuo@mail.goo.ne.jp (H.I.); g44416a@cc.nagoya-u.ac.jp (M.H.) 2 Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8584, Japan; E-Mail: ikurok@hosei.ac.jp (I.K.) 3 Research Center for Micro-Nano Technology, Hosei University, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8584, Japan 4 PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: z47867a@cc.nagoya-u.ac.jp; Tel.: +81-52-789-2993; Fax: +81-52-789-3001. Received: 28 January 2010; in revised form: 29 March 2010 / Accepted: 9 April 2010 / Published: 20 April 2010 Abstract: Microorganisms show attractant and repellent responses to survive in the various environments in which they live. Those phototaxic (to light) and chemotaxic (to chemicals) responses are regulated by membrane-embedded receptors and transducers. This article reviews the following: (1) the signal relay mechanisms by two photoreceptors, Sensory Rhodopsin I (SRI) and Sensory Rhodopsin II (SRII) and their t