protein synthesis of the pro-inflammatory s100a8a9 complex in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and cell surface s100a8a9 on leukocyte subpopulations in systemic lupus erythematosus蛋白质合成的促炎症s100a8a9复杂血浆树突细胞和细胞表面s100a8a9系统性红斑狼疮中白细胞的细胞亚群.pdfVIP

Lood et al. Arthritis Research Therapy 2011, 13:R60 /content/13/2/R60 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Protein synthesis of the pro-inflammatory S100A8/A9 complex in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and cell surface S100A8/A9 on leukocyte subpopulations in systemic lupus erythematosus 1,2* 3 2 1 3 3 Christian Lood , Martin Stenström , Helena Tydén , Birgitta Gullstrand , Eva Källberg , Tomas Leanderson , 1 2 3 2 Lennart Truedsson , Gunnar Sturfelt , Fredrik Ivars and Anders A Bengtsson Abstract Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with chronic or episodic inflammation in many different organ systems, activation of leukocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The heterodimer of the cytosolic calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9 (S100A8/A9) is secreted by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes and serves as a serum marker for several inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, S100A8 and S100A9 have many pro-inflammatory properties such as binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In this study we investigated if aberrant cell surface S100A8/A9 could be seen in SLE and if plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) could synthesize S100A8/A9. Methods: Flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and real-time PCR of flow cytometry-sorted cells were used to measure cell surface S100A8/A9, intracellular S100A8/A9 and mRNA levels of S100A8 and S100A9, respectively. Results: Cell surface S100A8/A9 was detected on all leukocyte subpopulations investigated except for T cells. By confocal microscopy, real-time PCR and stimulation assays, we could demonstrate that pDCs, mon