relation between dietary cadmium intake and biomarkers of cadmium exposure in premenopausal women accounting for body iron stores膳食摄入镉和镉暴露的生物标志物之间的关系在绝经前妇女占身体铁商店.pdfVIP

Julin et al. Environmental Health 2011, 10:105 /content/10/1/105 RESEARCH Open Access Relation between dietary cadmium intake and biomarkers of cadmium exposure in premenopausal women accounting for body iron stores 1* 2 3 1 2 1 Bettina Julin , Marie Vahter , Billy Amzal , Alicja Wolk , Marika Berglund and Agneta Åkesson Abstract Background: Cadmium is a widespread environmental pollutant with adverse effects on kidneys and bone, but with insufficiently elucidated public health consequences such as risk of end-stage renal diseases, fractures and cancer. Urinary cadmium is considered a valid biomarker of lifetime kidney accumulation from overall cadmium exposure and thus used in the assessment of cadmium-induced health effects. We aimed to assess the relationship between dietary cadmium intake assessed by analyses of duplicate food portions and cadmium concentrations in urine and blood, taking the toxicokinetics of cadmium into consideration. Methods: In a sample of 57 non-smoking Swedish women aged 20-50 years, we assessed Pearson’s correlation coefficients between: 1) Dietary intake of cadmium assessed by analyses of cadmium in duplicate food portions collected during four consecutive days and cadmium concentrations in urine, 2) Partial correlations between the duplicate food portions and urinary and blood cadmium concentrations, respectively, and 3) Model-predicted urinary cadmium concentration predicted from the dietary intake using a one-compartment toxicokinetic model (with individual data on age, weight and gastrointestinal cadmium absorption) and urinary cadmium concentration. Results: The mean concentration of cadmium in urine was 0.18 (+/- s.d.0.12) μg/g creatinine and the model- pre