simultaneous simulations of uptake in plants and leaching to groundwater of cadmium and lead for arable land amended with compost or farmyard manure同时模拟吸收的植物和浸出地下水的镉和铅耕地修改与堆肥或堆肥.pdfVIP

Simultaneous Simulations of Uptake in Plants and Leaching to Groundwater of Cadmium and Lead for Arable Land Amended with Compost or Farmyard Manure 1 1 2 2 3 Charlotte N. Legind *, Arno Rein , Jeanne Serre , Violaine Brochier , Claire-Sophie Haudin , 3 3 1 Philippe Cambier , Sabine Houot , Stefan Trapp 1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 2 Veolia Environnement – Research and Innovation, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 3 INRA, UMR 1091 Environment and Arable Crop Research Unit, Thiverval-Grignon, France Abstract The water budget of soil, the uptake in plants and the leaching to groundwater of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were simulated simultaneously using a physiological plant uptake model and a tipping buckets water and solute transport model for soil. Simulations were compared to results from a ten-year experimental field study, where four organic amendments were applied every second year. Predicted concentrations slightly decreased (Cd) or stagnated (Pb) in control soils, but increased in amended soils by about 10% (Cd) and 6% to 18% (Pb). Estimated plant uptake was lower in amended plots, due to an increase of Kd (dry soil to water partition coefficient). Predicted concentrations in plants were close to measured levels in plant residues (straw), but higher than measured concentrations in grains. Initially, Pb was mainly predicted to deposit from air into plants (82% in 1998); the next years, uptake from soil became dominating (30% from air in 2006), because of decreasing levels in air. For Cd, predicted uptake from air into plants was negligible (1–5%). Citation: Legind CN, Rein