sumoylation and the dna damage responsesumoylation和dna损伤反应.pdfVIP

Biomolecules 2012, 2, 376-388; doi:10.3390/biom2030376 OPEN ACCESS biomolecules ISSN 2218-273X /journal/biomolecules/ Review Sumoylation and the DNA Damage Response Catherine A. Cremona 1,†, Prabha Sarangi 1,2 and Xiaolan Zhao 1,* 1 Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; E-Mails: catherine.cremona@.uk (C.A.C.); prs2007@ (P.S.) 2 Programs in Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA † Current address: Mammalian Genetics Lab, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: zhaox1@; Tel.: +1-212-639-5582; Fax: +1-646-422-2062. Received: 1 August 2012; in revised form: 23 August 2012 / Accepted: 24 August 2012 / Published: 4 September 2012 Abstract: The cellular response to DNA damage involves multiple pathways that work together to promote survival in the face of increased genotoxic lesions. Proteins in these pathways are often posttranslationally modified, either by small groups such as phosphate, or by protein modifiers such as ubiquitin or SUMO. The recent discovery of many more SUMO substrates that are modified at higher levels in damage conditions adds weight to the accumulated evidence suggesting that sumoylation plays an important functional role in the DNA damage response. Here we discuss the significance of DNA damage-induced sumoylation, the effects of sumoylation on repair proteins,