synthesis and aromatization of hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines under microwave irradiation. an overview合成和芳构化汉栖1日4-dihydropyridines微波辐射下。.pdfVIP

Molecules 2003, 8, 381-391 molecules ISSN 1420-3049 Review Synthesis and Aromatization of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Microwave Irradiation. An Overview § Jean Jacques Vanden Eynde*, 1, 2 and Annie Mayence 1 1 Xavier University of Louisiana, College of Pharmacy, Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA. 2 Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Mons-Hainaut, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. § This work was presented at the First Symposium on Microwave-assisted Synthesis held on the web as part of the 5th Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry (ECSOC-5, September 1-30, 2001) http :///ecsoc-5/ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; Tel. (+1) 504 485-6754, Fax (+1) 504 485 7930, e-mail jjvanden@ Received: 6 March 2003; in revised form: 2 April 2003 / Accepted: 3 April 2003 / Published: 30 April 2003 Abstract: Domestic microwave ovens as well as laboratory reactors have been successfully employed to prepare dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates and to induce the synthesis of the corresponding aromatic derivatives. In that latter particular case, unexpected results have been reported. Keywords: Aromatization, dihydropyridine, Hantzsch, microwave, oxidation, pyridine . Molecules 2003, 8 382 Introduction Described more than one century ago by Hantzsch [1], dialkyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine- 3,5-dicarboxylates (1; 1,4-DHP; Figure 1) have now been recognized as vital drugs in the treatment of angina and hyp