systems-biology approaches to discover anti-viral effectors of the human innate immune response套系统生物学方法来发现抗病毒效应物的人类先天免疫反应.pdfVIP

Viruses 2011, 3, 1112-1130; doi:10.3390/v3071112 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Systems-Biology Approaches to Discover Anti-Viral Effectors of the Human Innate Immune Response Carsten Münk 1, Andreas F.R. Sommer 2 and Renate König 2,3,* 1 Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine-University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany; E-Mail: Carsten.Muenk@med.uni-duesseldorf.de 2 Research Group ―Host-Pathogen Interactions‖,Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen 63225, Germany; E-Mail: Andreas.Sommer@pei.de 3 Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Renate.Koenig@pei.de; Tel.: +49-6103-774019; Fax: +49-6103-771255. Received: 9 May 2011; in revisedform: 26 June 2011 / Accepted: 29 June 2011 / Published: 11 July 2011 Abstract: Virus infections elicit an immediate innate response involving antiviral factors. The activities of some of these factors are, in turn, blocked by viral countermeasures. The ensuing battle between the host and the viruses is crucial for determining whether the virus establishes a foothold and/or induces adaptive immune responses. A comprehensive systems-level understanding of the repertoire of anti-viral effectors in the context of these immediate virus-host responses would provide significant advantages in devising novel strategies to interfere with the initial establishment of infections. Recent efforts to identify