the achilles heel of the trojan horse model of hiv-1 trans-infection特洛伊木马的阿喀琉斯之踵的hiv - 1 trans-infection模式.pdfVIP

Review The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection 1 1 1,2,3 Marielle Cavrois , Jason Neidleman , Warner C. Greene * 1 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America robust than that in CD4 T cells and seems to require higher viral Abstract: To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens input [9]. Nevertheless, new virions budding from infected DCs have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune can help provide an ‘‘infectious beachhead’’ for subsequent spread defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to CD4 T cells. In addition to replicating at low levels in DCs, to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells HIV-1 has been proposed to exploit these cells for a novel form of (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed viral spread involving the initial capture and internalization of trans-infection. Although DCs can be directly infected by intact virions, followed later by the transfer of virions across certain strains of HIV-1, productive infection of DCs is not required during trans-infection; instead, DCs capture and synapses form