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the heck reaction in ionic liquids progress and challenges见鬼的反应在离子液体的进展和挑战
Molecules 2010, 15, 2211-2245; doi:10.3390/molecule
OPEN ACCESS
molecules
ISSN 1420-3049
/journal/molecules
Review
The Heck Reaction in Ionic Liquids: Progress and Challenges
Fabio Bellina * and Cinzia Chiappe *
Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa, Italy
∗ Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: bellina@dcci.unipi.it (F.B.);
cinziac@farm.unipi.it (C.C.)
Received: 3 March 2010; in revised form: 22 March 2010 / Accepted: 26 March 2010 /
Published: 30 March 2010
Abstract: As the interest for environmental increases and environmental laws become
more stringent, the need to replace existing processes with new more sustainable
technologies becomes a primary objective. The use of ionic liquids to replace organic
solvents in metal catalyzed reactions has recently gained much attention and great progress
has been accomplished in this area in the last years. This paper reviews the recent
developments in the application of ionic liquids and related systems (supported ionic
liquids, ionic polymers, and so on) in the Heck reaction. Merits and achievements of ionic
liquids were analyzed and discussed considering the possibility of increasing the
effectiveness of industrial processes.
Keywords: ionic liquids; heck reaction; Pd catalyst; selectivity
1. Introduction
Over the past decade, ionic liqu
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