validation of walk score? for estimating neighborhood walkability an analysis of four us metropolitan areas验证的步行指数估计的社区通过性分析四个美国大城市.pdfVIP
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validation of walk score? for estimating neighborhood walkability an analysis of four us metropolitan areas验证的步行指数估计的社区通过性分析四个美国大城市
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 4160-4179; doi:10.3390/ijerph8114160
OPEN ACCESS
International Journal of
Environmental Research and
Public Health
ISSN 1660-4601
/journal/ijerph
Article
Validation of Walk Score® for Estimating Neighborhood
Walkability: An Analysis of Four US Metropolitan Areas
Dustin T. Duncan 1,2,*, Jared Aldstadt 3, John Whalen 3, Steven J. Melly 4 and
Steven L. Gortmaker 1,2
1 Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health,
677 Huntington Avenue, Kresge Building 7th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
E-Mail: sgortmak@
2 Harvard Prevention Research Center on Nutrition and Physical Activity, Harvard School of Public
Health, 401 Park Drive, Landmark Center, 4th Floor West, Boston, MA 02215, USA
3 Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 105 Wilkeson
Quad, Buffalo, NY 14261, USA; E-Mails: geojared@ (J.A.);
whalenjf@ (J.W.)
4 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Landmark
Center, 4th Floor West, Boston, MA 02215, USA; E-Mail: sjmelly@
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: dduncan@;
Tel.: +1-617-384-8732; Fax: +1-617-384-8730.
Received: 6 September 2011; in revised form: 27 October 2011 / Accepted: 1 November 2011 /
Published: 4 November 2011
Abstract: Neighborhood walkability can influence ph
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