water velocity measurements on a vertical barrier screen at the bonneville dam second powerhouse水速度测量屏幕上的垂直障碍在博纳维尔大坝第二大国.pdfVIP

Energies 2011, 4, 2038-2048; doi:10.3390/en4112038 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Article Water Velocity Measurements on a Vertical Barrier Screen at the Bonneville Dam Second Powerhouse James S. Hughes *, Z. Daniel Deng *, Mark A. Weiland, Jayson J. Martinez and Yong Yuan Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA; E-Mails: Mark.Weiland@ (M.A.W.); Jayson.Martinez@ (J.J.M.); Yong.Yuan@ (Y.Y.) * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: james.hughes@ (J.S.H.); zhiqun.deng@ (Z.D.D.); Tel.: +1-509-37 1-6802 (J.S.H.); +1-509-372-6120 (Z.D.D.); Fax: +1-509-371-7160 (J.S.H.); +1-509-372-6089 (Z.D.D.). Received: 3 August 2011; in revised form: 15 November 2011 / Accepted: 16 November 2011 / Published: 22 November 2011 Abstract: Fish screens at hydroelectric dams help to protect rearing and migrating fish by preventing them from passing through the turbines and directing them towards the bypass channels by means of a sweeping flow parallel to the screen. However, fish screens may actually be harmful to fish if the fish become impinged on the surface of the screen or become disoriented due to poor flow conditions near the screen. Recent modifications to the vertical barrier screens (VBS) in the gate wells at the Bonneville Dam second powerhouse (B2) were intended to increase the guidance of juvenile salmonids into the juvenile bypass system but have resulted in hi gher mortality