肾上腺素（adrenaline）.doc

肾上腺素（adrenaline） The application of epinephrine in cardiopulmonary resuscitation Epinephrine hydrochloride is suitable for patients with cardiac arrest, mainly because of the characteristics of alpha adrenergic receptor agonists. Adrenergic adrenergic effect can increase myocardial and cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but its beta adrenergic effect is beneficial to the recovery remains controversial, because the effect can increase the myocardial function and decrease subendocardial blood supply. Although epinephrine has been widely used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, there is only a small amount of evidence that epinephrine improves recovery. Over the years, researchers and clinicians have used in the best dose of epinephrine, the standard dose of currently widely used (1.0mg), is calculated according to the weight of the patient to get, but in the past the surgery often use 1mg for intracardiac injection of epinephrine, norepinephrine and observed 1-3mg pacing can effectively arrest heart. By 1970s, when the guidelines were first developed for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, experts believe that intravenous injection of 1mg epinephrine might have the same effect as an intracardiac injection of 1mg epinephrine. So even though the weight of the patient varies widely, clinicians still maintain intravenous 1mg epinephrine during first aid. In 1980s, a series of animal experiments were carried out to obtain the dose-response relationship of adrenaline. The calculations show that the range of the drugs best effect is 0.045-0.20mg/kg, and from these studies it can be concluded that higher doses of epinephrine can improve hemodynamics, Results in improved recovery success (especially for patients with long cardiac arrest). This result is found, and makes more clinicians start in the clinical application of large dose of adrenaline, and also a gratifying clinical series of studies and results of retrospective studies have been published in 80s t