膝关节检查（Knee joint examination）.docVIP

膝关节检查（Knee joint examination） Knee joint examination The physical examination of the knee joint is complicated, and a lesion or lesion may have different methods of examination. Here we do not want to list various methods, just want to describe the most commonly used, we believe that the most diagnostic value of medical means, the specific inspection process and significance analysis. It is very important for the knee surgeon to form a systematic examination procedure for routine diagnosis and treatment. I. knee force line - standing position Take off your shoes and stand flat as far as possible to make your ankle and knee close together to understand the axis of the knee joint. The anatomical axis of normal knee joint (FTA) has an angle of valgus at 5 -7 degrees, and the mechanical axis is 0 degrees, i.e., the center of the femoral head, the center of the knee joint and the center of the ankle joint are in a straight line. In general physical examination, the mechanical axis of the knee joint is largely understood. Normally, the knees can be close together, and there should be 4-6cm spacing between the ankles. If the knee can not be together, it means varus of the knee. If the ankle is too wide, it shows the valgus of the knee, and the angle of the inside and outside turns is estimated by visual measurement. The measurement of the knee force line is of great significance for the diagnosis of joint pain and the selection of surgical procedures. Varus knee with medial pain of the knee, often valgus knee with lateral pain of the knee, often suggests medial or lateral tibial and femoral joint osteoarthritis. In the varus knee, the pain of the lateral side of the knee often indicates the injury of the lateral meniscus of the knee. On the contrary, the medial pain of the knee joint in valgus knees usually means the medial meniscus of the knee joint is injured. There are more opportunities for varus knee in China, so the resection of medial meniscus should be cautious, ot