镉对雄性大鼠颌下腺超微结构影响及丙酸睾酮保护作用.docVIP

镉对雄性大鼠颌下腺超微结构影响及丙酸睾酮保护作用 　【摘要】 　　目的 探讨氯化镉对雄性大鼠颌下腺超微结构的影响及丙酸睾酮的保护作用。方法 35只雄性Wistar大鼠分为3组：对照(C)组、镉（Cd）组和镉加丙酸睾酮（Cd+T）组。利用透射电镜作颌下腺组织颗粒曲管（GCT）细胞的超微结构观察。结果 镉注射后24 h，GCT细胞内出现不同程度的线粒体肿胀和（或）空泡化，胞质和线粒体内可见髓样结构，GCT周围毛细血管内皮细胞线粒体肿胀。7～15 d后上述改变明显加重，部分GCT细胞见胞质广泛肿胀和轻度核溶解，30 d后细胞形态仍未恢复正常。Cd+T组的超微结构损伤较相应Cd组轻。结论 镉对GCT细胞的超微结构有早期直接损伤作用，后期雄激素减少加重此损伤，补充雄激素对上述损伤有一定的保护效果。 【关键词】 颌下腺　镉　丙酸睾酮　超微结构 Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of cadmium and the protection of testosterone propionate on ultrastructure of submandibular gland of male rats.Methods Thirty-five male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:control,Cd and Cd+T.The morphologic changes of GCT cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The mainly ultrastructural changes after Cd treatment included swelling or vacuolation of mitochondria,increase of myelin figures in GCT cells,and swelling of mitochondria in the endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries.The changes above were most prominent at 7-15d,and swelling of the cytoplasm and slight karyolysis were also found.The morphology of GCT cells didn’t recovery to normal yet after 30d.On the other hand,the ultrastructural lesions of GCT cells in Cd+T group were gentle.Conclusions The present results indicate that the earlier ultrastructural damage of GCT was related to the direct action of cadmium,the decrease of androgen might aggravate the damage at later stage.To some extent, testosterone pretreatment could prevent toxicity of cadmium on submandibular gland. Key words:submandibular gland;cadmium;testosterone propionate;ultrastructure 颌下腺是具有明显性别差异性的器官，雄性动物颌下腺与生殖系统相互依赖，为雄激素依赖器官［1-3］，鉴于此已有学者提出颌下腺-睾丸轴的概念。目前从啮齿类动物的颌下腺中已发现近30种主要定位于颗粒曲管（granular convoluted tubule,GCT）细胞的多肽类活性物质，它们对生殖系统的发育和生理功能具有重要调节作用。镉是一种半衰期很长的有毒重金属。随着我国半导体及电子等工业的迅猛发展，镉污染日趋严重，极大地危害人们的健康。文献报道镉对肾、肝、骨骼、血液系统等均有毒性作用，而生殖系统对镉损伤尤其敏感［4,5］，关于镉对颌下腺影响的研究，目前仅见镉对雌性动物颌下腺影响的少量报道［6］。而有关镉对雄性动物颌下腺的毒性作用研究，国内外尚未见报道。此外，雄激素对镉毒性的保护作用机制亦不十分清楚。故该实验在作者以往镉对雄性生殖系统影响的系列研究基础上，通过超微结构观察等，探讨镉对雄性大鼠颌下腺G