食品中植物甾醇色谱分析方法研究进展.docVIP

食品中植物甾醇色谱分析方法研究进展 (1. 浙江大学农生环测试中心 摘 要: 植物甾醇广泛分布各种食用植物中, 主要以游离态甾醇、甾醇酯、甾醇糖苷和脂酰基甾醇糖苷形式存在具有抗炎、抗菌、抗真菌、降低胆固醇、抗肿瘤等功效。本文了近些年关于植物甾醇色谱检测方法的研究进展植物甾醇植物甾醇 关键词植物甾醇色谱分析 Research progress of chromatographic analysis of phytosterols in foods GE Zhi-Wei1, LUO Zi-Sheng2* (1. Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China; 2. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China) ABSTRACT: Phytosterols were widely distributed in various food plants, which exist in plants in the shape of free state, steryl ester, sterol indican, and fatty acyl sterol glycoside. Phytosterols have been exhibited the activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cholesterol-lowering and antitumor. This paper reviewed the research progress of chromatographic methods for analysis of phytosterols in various sample matrices. Column chromatography (CC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) are accessible and affordable separation techniques. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are most commonly used to analyze sterols in various sample matrices. GC techniques are more sensitive, while LC method can operate under milder column temperature and nondestructive detection conditions, which is ideally suitable for the analysis of thermally unstable sterols. Coupling GC or LC with MS for multicomponent quantitative analysis of phytosterols has made a certain progress. KEY WORDS: phytosterols; chromatographic analysis; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry 1 引言 植物甾醇是一大类以环戊烷多氢菲为骨架的物质, 根据国际化学物质命名规定: 侧链和其他官能团相对于环平面的位置不同, 可分为α型和β型, 根据侧链上双键个数、位置及长度, 可形成不同种类的甾醇, 组成甾醇分子的甾核所含有的碳原子数一般为27~31不等, 分子量约为386~456。多数甾醇C-5位为双键, C-17位上连有由8~10个碳原子构成的侧链, 使植物甾醇表现出化学性质差异, C-3位上连有一个羟基, 是重要的活性基团之一, 可与脂肪酸形成甾醇酯, 与糖形成甾醇糖。目前已报道植物甾醇超过200种, 其甾核以谷甾醇、豆甾醇和菜油甾醇最常见, 结构式见图1。 除游离态甾醇(free