假俭草(Ereochloa ophiuroides (Munro.)Hack.)种质资源改良研究进展.pdf

植物学通报 2004, 21 (5): 587~594 Chinese Bulletin of Botany 专题介绍 假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack.)种质资源改良研究进展① 郑玉红 刘建秀② . (江苏省 中国科学院植物研究所 ( 南京中山植物园) 南京 210014) 摘要 假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.)Hack.)是主产于中国的世界著名的暖季型草坪草。全面 系统地研究假俭草在遗传多样性和抗性生理等各方面的变异变化规律对于开发利用假俭草种质资源具有 十分重要的意义。在综述假俭草种质资源的收集、整理和初步评价的基础上，重点介绍了近年来国内外 在其遗传多样性(包括形态水平、细胞水平和分子水平) 、抗性生理、育种进程和栽培管理措施等方面的 研究进展。 关键词 假俭草, 种质资源, 遗传多样性, 抗寒性, 抗旱性, 栽培管理, 育种 Study Progress in Germplasm Resources of Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.)Hack. ZHENG Yu-Hong LIU Jian-Xiu② (Institute of Botany ,Jiangsu Province the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing Botanical Garden , Nanjing 210014) Abstract Centipedegrass is a famous warm-season turfgrass in the world. It mainly distributes in China. It is important to study the variation patterns on the genetic diversity and stress physiology of its germplasm resource，which will be valuable to exploit and utilize the centipedegrass resource. Based on the collection and primary evaluation of centipedegrass germplasm resource, this paper briefly focus on reviewing genetic diversity (including morphology, cytology and molecular biology), the identification of cold, drought and disease resistance, cultivate and management and the breed- ing program. Key words Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack., Germplasm resource, Genetic diversity, Cold resistance, Drought resistance, Cultivate and management, Breeding 假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack.)是禾本科蜈蚣草属多年生草本植物,也是蜈 蚣草属中惟一可用作草坪草的物种(Bouton et al.,1983; Hanna,1995; 徐柱, 1997) 。假俭草叶形优 美，植株低矮，生长缓慢，是世界三大暖季型草坪草之一。用假俭草建植的草坪，盖度高， ①国家自然科学基金项目和江苏省科技厅基础设施项目资助。 ②通讯作者。Author for correspondence. E-mail: turfunit@ 收稿日期：2003-06-04 接受日期：2003-10-08 责任编辑：孙冬花 588