2015一2016学年人教版选修6 unit1 grammar.pptVIP

高二英语Book6 Unit1 第三节 Grammar Step one Leading-in 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，它所表示的是一个条件，且不一定是事实，也可能与事实相反，主要运用与条件句中。虚拟语气的应用较为灵活，因此在学习时应注意语境、时态、特殊结构等。主要从以下几个方面着手： 1. 对现在、过去、将来等情况虚拟的表达法。 2. “错综时间条件句”的特殊语境。 3. 没有明确的状语从句的含蓄条件句。 4. 虚拟语气在各种从句中的具体用法。 Step two Presentation 语气 语气和时态、语态一样，是动词的一种形式，表明说话者的目的和意图。英语中有四种语气：陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1. 陈述语气 陈述一个事实或提出一种想法的语气。 The weather is looking up. 天气渐渐转好。 Our city has experienced great changes. I don’t know anything about the accident. 2. 疑问语气 用来提出问题或询问情况的语气。 Do you have a camera? How long have you been living here? Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? You are from Italy, aren’t you? 3. 祈使语气 向对方提出请求、要求，给予忠告、 提示、警告、命令等的语气。 Come in and take a seat. Hurry up! Be careful! Don’t oversleep Sundays! 4. 虚拟语气 在表示一种假设或主观愿望时，动词 需用一种特殊的形式，称为虚拟语气。 If I were you, I would forgive Mary. I wish you had come to the party yesterday. If only you could understand me! Step three Discovering structure 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 条件句分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能实现的，而虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生的。 真实条件句 这种条件句实现的可能性非常大，常用if, unless, once, as / so long as, on condition that等引导。 If I have time, I’ll come over to see you. If we leave now, we can still catch the train. I won’t go to party unless they invite me. As long as you love it, you can keep it to yourself. 2. 虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句往往指不能实现的或纯属假想的情况，可以对现在、过去或将来进行假想，分别用不同的动词形式表示，主句谓语动词也相应采用不同形式。 (1) 对现在情况的虚拟 If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town. 如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。 If the weather were fine now, we would have a picnic. 如果现在天气好，我们就去野餐。 If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest. 如果我现在有张地图，我们就能很容易走出森林了。 If you tried again, you might succeed. 如果你再试一次，或许就会成功。 总结：对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用_______________ _________________, 主句用________________________。 一般过去时， be动词用were would / could / might / should + 动词原形 (2) 对过去情况的虚拟 If you had co