the role of glucose transporters in brain disease diabetes and alzheimer’s disease葡萄糖转运蛋白的作用在脑部疾病糖尿病和阿尔茨海默氏症.pdfVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 12629-12655; doi:10.3390/ijms131012629 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Review The Role of Glucose Transporters in Brain Disease: Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease Kaushik Shah, Shanal DeSilva and Thomas Abbruscato * Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 S. Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; E-Mails: Kaushik.Shah@ (K.S.); Shanal.Desilva@ (S.D.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Thomas.Abbruscato@; Tel.: +1-806-356-4015; Fax: +1-806-356-4034. Received: 1 August 2012; in revised form: 19 September 2012 / Accepted: 24 September 2012 / Published: 3 October 2012 Abstract: The occurrence of altered brain glucose metabolism has long been suggested in both diabetes and Alzheimer’s diseases. However, the preceding mechanism to altered glucose metabolism has not been well understood. Glucose enters the brain via glucose transporters primarily present at the blood-brain barrier. Any changes in glucose transporter function and expression dramatically affects brain glucose homeostasis and function. In the brains of both diabetic and Alzheimer’s disease patients, changes in glucose transporter function and expression have been observed, but a possible link