物化答案（Materialized answer）.doc

物化答案（Materialized answer） Determination of electromotive force of galvanic cells 1., why test electromotive force to use the consumer law? What is the principle of consumer law? Answer: because the electromotive force of primary battery is defined in the I=0 can measure the exact value, when the current in the circuit, produce polarization effect at the electrode, the electrode potential decreased and the measured value is lower than the actual value, it must be in the I=0 test, and only the cancellation can do the reason is that the measured battery on a an equal and opposite direction parallel with the potential to be measured, so there is no current through the battery, plus the potential size is equal to the electromotive force of the measured battery. 2. using potentiometer measuring electromotive force, if the galvanometer spot total deflection in one direction may be what reason? Answer: probably because at this time the value of electromotive force is too large, or small, that is, a value in the adjustment of the large or small, the beginning of the value of too large or set value is too small at the beginning. 3. how to calculate the standard electrode potential with the experimental value? Standard refers to what conditions? Answer: using the formula, the standard refers to the electrode reaction at room temperature at this time. Why use 4. salt bridge measuring electromotive force? How to choose the saltbridge applied to different systems? Answer: in order to minimize the liquid junction potential, so we use the bridge to eliminate. The salt solution, as long as the original solution and function can be used. 5. standard battery should pay attention to what problems? Answer: when the circuit, must be positive, negative, negative, in the beginning to test the electromotive force of the original battery, you must first correct. Turn the system down to 1 * 104pa, turn off the valve 3, and stop the air pump. Observe the digital pressure gauge readings within