第二章 生长发育（The second chapter is growth and development）.doc

第二章 生长发育（The second chapter is growth and development） The second chapter is growth and development Human growth and development is the process of maturation from fertilized eggs to adults. Growth and development are important characteristics of children different from those of adults. Growth refers to the growth of the body organs and systems of children, and the corresponding measurement value can be used to indicate the change of their quantity. Development refers to the differentiation and functional maturity of cells, tissues and organs. Growth and development are closely related to each other. Growth is the material basis of development, and changes in the amount of growth can reflect the maturity of body organs and systems to a certain extent. Section 1 Law of growth and development Growth and development, regardless of the total speed or the order of development of organs and systems. The general regularity of cognition will help the pediatrician to evaluate and guide the childrens growth and development correctly. 1. growth and development is a continuous and phased process, growth and development throughout the childhood, but the growth and development of each age has some characteristics, different age growth rate is different. For example, weight and length in the first year of life, especially the first three months increased rapidly, first as the first growth peak after birth; second years later, the growth rate gradually slowed down, to pubertal growth faster, second growth peak (2 - 1). 2., the growth and development of organs and organs are unbalanced, and the order of the development of the organs of the human body follows certain rules. As early as the development of the nervous system, the brain develops rapidly in the 2 years after birth. The lymphatic system grows rapidly in childhood, reaches its peak before puberty and then decreases gradually; the reproductive system develops later. Other systems, such as the heart, liver, kidney, and muscl