做语法.pptxVIP

1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式（细分为动名词和现在分词）。如： do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式：not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。 动名词：在句子中起名词作用，可作 ____,______,_____,______ 主语 宾语 表语 定语 动名词的形式 1 The v–ing form used as subject: It is necessary to get water from wet to dry place. Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary. It cost nothing to wish for thing. Wishing for things cost nothing. 2 .The v–ing form used as object He likes helping others. 只接v-ing作宾语的动词有： admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, 1) v+object consider, delay, escape, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practice, suggest He suggested practising speaking English in and out of class. 只接v-ing作宾语的词组有 give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to, devote... to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 2) prep.+ object. His problem is getting to know more friends. My job is teaching. a drinking cup a dancing hall a washing machine a cooking pan 3 The v–ing form used as predict: 4 The v–ing form used as attribute: 1. 动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替： It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例如： It’s no use going there today; he won’t be at home. It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 而在It’s important/necessary/advisable/ essential/fitting … 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如： It’s important to learn foreign languages. 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“ allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here． We dont allow anybody to smoke here． 3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned． 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。 5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, ca