断指再植（Replantation of amputated finger）.doc

断指再植（Replantation of amputated finger） Content of courses Section 1 hand injuries With the mechanization of industry and agriculture, hand injuries are increasing. The anatomical structure of hand is fine, the function is complex, and it has special requirement for diagnosis and treatment. Doctors must be trained specially to be competent for the diagnosis and treatment of hand injuries and diseases. In the developed countries, hand surgery was independent from surgery in the early 1940s. Our country established hand surgery in 1959. Functional anatomy First, skin and leather lines The dorsum of the hand skin thin and loose, easy to make a fist. Palm skin thick and tough, lack of flexibility, there are fiber vertical and deep tissue connected, small mobility, firm grip. The palm side with shades of striae, in large striae and deep joints should be relatively easy to thick and tough skin fist. The palm skin is full of nerve ends, slightly sensitive. Two metacarpal arch There are palmar transverse arch and palm longitudinal arch, and the palmar transverse arch consists of 5 metacarpal bones. The first metacarpal motion is larger, and the second, third metacarpal bone can not slide. Each of the fourth, fifth metacarpal bones has little activity. 5 you can put a flat metacarpal Heisei 5, also can make the metacarpal head forming a circular arc shape; longitudinal palmar arch by the wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints and structure. When stretched, the hand can be made into a flat plate, and when buckled, the hand can be clenched into a fist. Three nails Refers to the dorsal side of the skin evolved. Easy to pinch small objects, increase the strength of fingers pinch grip. The nail is pulled out, about 4-6 months growth to normal length. Four bone and joint 1. wrist joint, wrist bone has 8 pieces, form a joint with each other, with the forearm bone to form the wrist and wrist joint, and metacarpal formation of the wrist joint, with flexion and extension and radial ulnar