有机物纯化方法（Organic matter purification method）.docVIP

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有机物纯化方法（Organic matter purification method）.doc

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有机物纯化方法（Organic matter purification method）

有机物纯化方法（Organic matter purification method） I. filtering 1. Principle: the method of separating insoluble solids from solution according to their solubility. 2 conditions: a solid insoluble, a solid soluble. 3 Scope: apply to the separation of insoluble solids and liquids. 4, instrument: funnel, iron, beaker, glass rod, filter paper 5, note: one paste two low three by; for some solution temperature drop, there will be crystal precipitation, should be hot filter. 6: List: calcium oxalate mixed with calcium acetate: water dissolved, filtered, remove calcium acetate solution. Two. Washing gas 1: Principle: the use of gas solubility or chemical properties of different ways to separate gas mixture. 2 conditions: a gas insoluble or non reactive, a gas soluble or reactive. 3 Scope: suitable for the separation of mixed gases. 4: instrument: wash cylinders, catheters 5, note: do not introduce new gas impurities, and finally can produce purified gas. 6 list: methane mixed with ethylene: the mixture gas through bromine carbon tetrachloride solution, wash off ethylene. Three, evaporation 1 Principle: a method of separating soluble solids from a solvent. 2 conditions: solid soluble 3 Scope: suitable for separating soluble solids from the solvent. 4, instrument: iron, evaporation, alcohol lamp, glass rod 5. Note: glass rod function; solvent volatile or easy to burn; use water bath heating. 6: enumeration: sodium acetate from sodium acetate solution: evaporation solution, so that sodium acetate precipitation. Four, crystallization 1. Principle: to reduce the solubility of a solute by evaporating the solvent or decreasing the temperature so that the crystal can precipitate. 2 conditions: the solubility of solids is small, or the solubility of solids varies greatly with temperature. 3. Scope: the solubility of solids is small, evaporation crystallization is usually used; the solubility of solids varies greatly with temperature; cooling crystallization or recrystallization is usually