正溴丁烷 的制备 思考题（Preparation of n bromobutane questions）.docVIP

正溴丁烷 的制备 思考题（Preparation of n bromobutane questions） Four, n-butyl bromide 1. What is the function of sulfuric acid in this experiment? Whats wrong with the amount of sulfuric acid and the concentration is too large or too small? Answer: the role is: reactants, catalysts. Too large, the reaction generated a large number of HBr out, and it is easy to bromine ion oxidation into bromine elemental; over an hour, the reaction is incomplete. 2. What impurities may be found in the products after the reaction? What is the purpose of washing in each step? Why do you need a dry split funnel for washing with concentrated sulfuric acid? Answer: may contain impurities: NC4H9OH (NC2H5), 2O, HBr, n-C4H9Br, H2O Objective: to each step washing washing in addition to HBr, most of the n C4H9OH of concentrated sulfuric acid (n - C4H9) from 2O, n C4H9OH and the rest of the water in most of the H2SO4 NaHCO3 H2SO4 and the rest of the wash and finally washed except NaHSO4 and excess NaHCO3 residues. When washing with concentrated sulfuric acid, the drying funnel should be used to prevent the reduction of the concentration of sulfuric acid and influence the washing effect. If 1- butyl bromide contains n-butanol, the former fraction will be formed when distillation (1- azeotropic n-butyl alcohol is 98.6 DEG C, 13% butanol), which will lead to a reduction in refining yield. 3. When washing products with a funnel, the product is sometimes in the upper layer and sometimes in the lower layer. What is the easy way to judge it? Answer: pour a little of the upper liquid from the funnel, or release a little of the underlying liquid in a water test tube to see if there is an oil bead. 4. Why wash water with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution before washing? Answer: first wash with water, can remove part of sulfuric acid with sodium bicarbonate, prevent wash, reaction sodium bicarbonate with sulfuric acid to produce large amounts of carbon dioxide gas, the pressure funnel is too large, causing the