人教版高中英语选修8unit2warmingup课件.ppt

A clone is an animal or plant produced naturally or artificially from the cells of another animal or plant and is exactly the same as it. Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. The clone has the same DNA as the parent. Important events in cloning history In 1978: The first case of tube infant (试管婴儿) appeared. ☆A British doctor used the sperm (精子) of a man and fertilized (使受精) it in a test tube (试管) and then transplanted (移植) the embryo (胚胎) into the womb (子宫) of a healthy mother. ☆The first tube infant called Louis appeared. In 1998: A series of things were cloned. The scientists in Hawaii University cloned over 50 mice. Some private institutions (协会) successfully cloned little oxen. Nowadays: ☆ Cloned dogs, mice, rabbits, goats, oxen, pigs appeared. ☆ China became the seventh country that has the ability to clone pigs. ☆ China has succeeded in using embryonic (胚 胎的) cells to clone many animals. * * * 选修8 Unit 2 Cloning Who is Yang Yang? Yang Yang is China’s first successfully cloned sheep. Yang Yang was born in 2000, and has just had its 14th birthday. It’s the world’s longest-living cloned sheep. 1. To learn some basic information about cloning 2. To know the difference between a natural clone and a man-made clone What’s cloning? Sounds Reasonable? There are different types of cloning, and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism. The three types of cloning technologies are: (1) recombinant DNA technology or DNA cloning（基因重组克隆技术） (2) reproductive cloning（生殖性克隆） (3) therapeutic cloning （治疗性克隆） 克隆一词是英文单词clone的音译，作为名词，clone通常被意译为无性繁殖系。同一克隆的所有成员的遗传构成是完全相同的，例外仅见于有突变发生时。自然界早已存在天然植物、动物和微生物的克隆。 人们开始探索用人工的方法来生产高等动物克隆。这样，克隆一词就开始被用作动词，指人工培育克隆动物这一动作。 目前，生产哺乳动物克隆的方法主要 有胚胎分割和细胞核移植两种。克隆羊 “多莉”，以及其后各国科学家培育的各种 克隆动物，采用的都是细胞核移植技术。 所谓细胞核移植，是指将不同发育时期的胚胎或成体动物的细胞核，经显微手术和细胞融合方法移植到去核卵母细胞中，