万物运行奥秘(光).ppt

Light source Thermal Radiation All materials contain electric charges Thermal energy makes these charges accelerate Accelerating charges emit electromagnetic waves All materials emit electromagnetic waves Black Body Spectrum The spectrum and intensity of electromagnetic waves from a black body depend ONLY on its temperature Incandescent Bulb（白炽灯泡） Features: Tungsten filament produces light Electrical connections deliver power to filament Glass envelope protects filament Nitrogen/Argon/Krypton gas fill prolongs life Halogen (卤素) Bulb Features: Bromine/Iodine/Oxygen gas added to bulb Small, high temperature glass envelope on bulb Yields a filament recycling process Neon light Specialized bulbs Clear vs. Soft white bulbs Long life (high voltage) bulbs Rough service bulbs Energy-saver bulbs Krypton(氪) bulbs Heat bulbs Photoflood(照相泛光灯) bulbs * * Incandescent Light Bulbs（白炽灯泡） 21 Oct. 1879, 40 hours Power source Gas Fluorescent lamp （日光灯） Would you please tell me its detail structure and how it works? Compact Fluorescent Bulb (energy saving lamp) high 50 5000 1160 Compact Fluorescent Bulb (energy saving lamp) low 10 1000 2200-2700 Incandescent Bulb price efficiency (Lumen/W) Life (hour) Filament temperature (K) Which one would you choose? Why? Question: Do you know any other light source? Stimulated Emission (受激辐射) Light Amplification (光的放大) Light Amplification of Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) Light Emitting Diode(LED) Question: tell me the structures of the TV (Cathode Ray Tube, CRT) screen. VT-SPM系统（Omicron） X-ray gun X-ray Source Top view Filament (x2) Filament power source Filament Target + high voltage e- X-ray Side view VT-SPM系统（Omicron） UV lamp UV lamp Structures of UV lamp