American History Ⅱ(1900-1945).docVIP

　 　　了解美国自1900年至1945年的历史，其中包括美国经济的发展，20世纪初的革新运动，第一次世界大战对美国的影响，20年代的美国，经济危机余罗斯福的新政，以及第二次世界大战期间的美国。 　　　　　　　　　 　　1.Econcomic growth in the early 20th century　　2.Progressivism and some of the reform efforts　　3.Achievements under President Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson　　4.Role of the U.S. in WWI　　5.Characteristics of the 1920s　　6.Effects of the Great Depression on American society　　7.Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal　　8.American objectives and basic policies in WWII Economic Development 　 Tremendous growth of the economy between the end of the Civil War and 1900 　　 Steam and electricity replaced human muscle. Steel took the place of iron. Machines and oil were used. People and goods could move by railroads. In 1880 a million tons of steel were produced. In 1900 the U.S. produced 245 million tons of coal, ranking first in the world. By 1900 there were 193,000 miles of railroad. 　 Features in the growth of the economy in the early 20th century 　　 Beginning in 1899 there emerged a growth of industrial and financial mergers. In 1909, corporations turned out 79% of all manufactured products in the United States. By 1910, incorporation had become the dominant type of industrial organization. Together with the growth of corporation, there appeared a professional managerial class who was in charge of the daily management of the corporations. 　　 With the development of industry and the extension of railroad network, there was a mushroom growth of cities. In 1920, over 30 million people lived in 32 large city areas, making up 28% of the total population. This is what we call urbanization of America. 　　 There was a rapid development of new technology. Apart from the electricity and stream, there were the automobile, the radio and other developments. In 1908, Henry Ford began the mass-production of cars. By 1918 car registration had reached 2.5 million, which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on the wheels. In 1903, the Wright brothers fle