统计学中的自由度（Freedom in Statistics）.docVIP

统计学中的自由度（Freedom in Statistics） 6Sigmas learning process is exposed to a large amount of statistical knowledge. Although he studied probability and mathematical statistics and statistics in college, there are some minor points of knowledge still confused. For example, the degree of freedom, many statistical formulas have the concept of degrees of freedom, but why is the same standard deviation, the overall standard deviation of freedom is n, and the standard deviation of freedom is n-1? Why are there any degrees of freedom in other formulas, such as n-2 and n-3? What exactly does it mean? AP Looking through the previous teaching materials and looking up a lot of relevant information online, it turned out to be more than just the concept of freedom in statistics! Lets briefly sum up the points of freedom. AP: theoretical mechanics to determine the degrees of freedom number of independent coordinate objects by the position of the object when the object is called, subject to certain restrictions, reduce the degree of freedom. A particle moves freely in space, and its position can be determined by three independent coordinates, so the motion of a particle has three degrees of freedom. If a particle is confined to a plane or a surface, it has two degrees of freedom. If a particle is confined to a straight line or a curve, it has only one degree of freedom. The motion of a rigid body in space is both translational and rotational, with six degrees of freedom, i.e., three translational degrees of freedom, x, y, Z, and three rotational degrees of freedom, a, B, and Q. If there are some restrictions on rigid body motion, the degree of freedom will decrease accordingly. AP: molecular thermodynamic movement freedom is to decide the number of independent coordinates need to position a molecule in the space. AP statistics: in the statistical model, degree of freedom refers to the number of the free variables in the sample, when there are constraints, reduce the degree of freedom