【南方新中考】(梅州)2015中考英语 第一章 第二十一节 定语从句复习课件.ppt

* 第二十一节 定语从句 一、 定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词(即先行词)的从句称为定 语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有 关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有 where, when, why 等。关系词常有 3 个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中担当一个 成分。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人，在从句中作主语。如： The boys who are playing football are from Class One.踢足球 的男孩们来自一班。 Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天我帮助 了一个迷路的老人。 2.whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。如： Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.刘先 生是你在公共汽车上谈论的人。 Mr.Ling is just the man whom I want to see.凌先生是我想见 的人。 注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代 替，可省略。如： The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.你刚刚见 到的那个人是我朋友。 3.which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，作主语时不 可省略，作宾语时可省略。如： Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数 男孩都喜欢的运动。 This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的 笔。 4.that 既可以指人，也可以指物。指人时相当于 who 或者 whom，指物时相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语， 作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音 乐。 The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件 外套是蓝色的。 5.whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。如： He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个父亲是医生 的朋友。 I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在一 栋屋顶塌陷的房子里。 注意：whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.→ The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.那 个房门损坏的教室很快就会被修好。 Do you like the book whose cover is yellow ？→Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow？你喜欢封面是黄色的那本 书吗？ 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由“介词＋ 关系代词”引导。如： The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.→ The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经读过的 那个学校非常有名。 Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.→Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. 明天我会带一本你要的杂志来。 Well go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.→Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去听那个我们经常谈到的著 名歌手唱歌。 注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如 look for