第11章+细胞连接.pdfVIP

细胞社会 第十一章 Interactions between cells and their environment Outline The extracellular matrix Cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) Cell junctions Cell →tissue →organ • A tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. • An organ is a group of different tissues working together performing a specific job. 4 types: epithelial tissue(上皮组织), connective tissue(结缔组织), muscular tissue(肌肉组织), and nervous tissue(神经组织) The behavior of individual cells and the dynamic state of multicellular tissues is regulated by intricate reciprocal molecular interactions between cells and their surroundings. Specific binding of these signaling cues with cell-surface receptors induces complex intracellular signaling cascades that converge to regulate gene expression, establish cell phenotype and direct tissue formation, homeostasis and regeneration. PLC: phospholipase C; GAGs: glycosaminoglycans; PGs: proteoglycans; CAMs, cell adhesion molecules An overview of how cells are organized into tissues and how they interact with one another and with their extracellular environment Epithelial tissue(上皮组织): epithelial cell and cytoplasm(细胞间质) Proteoglycan Connective tissue(结缔组织): cells and extracellular or intercellular substance （epidermis:表皮；dermis:真皮） 1. The extracellular matrix • ECM — an organized network of extracellular materials that is present beyond the immediate vicinity of the plasma membrane, made and oriented by the cells within it. • The matrix has a far more active and complex role in regulating the behavior of the cells that contact it, influencing the survival, development, migration, proliferation, shape, and fu