第2章细胞膜和跨膜运输.pdfVIP

1 2 细胞中的物质流 第二章 细胞膜和跨膜运输 3 Outline Cell membrane Membrane transport 4 What are some substances commonly • Cell membrane or plasma membrane transported across membranes? • Endomembrane systems • Biomembrane Protein 5 1、Cell membrane Models of membrane structure  Fluid-mosaic model: a membrane consists of a mosaic of proteins in a fluid lipid bilayer —The “central dogma” of membrane biology 6  Lipid rafts model —Lipid rafts are small (10-200nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Provided by an atomic force microscope  In the nonactivated state, lipid rafts float freely, carrying a few passenger proteins. But when activated, they coalesce to form larger platforms where proteins meet to perform functions in signaling, processing, and transport.  Clustering of rafts is key to understanding raft function in human physiology as well as in development of human disease (opens an exciting new field in molecular medicine). Lipid raft: 脂筏 7 The chemical composition of membranes — Membrane