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电容器失效模式和失效机理(Capacitor failure modes and failure mechanisms)
电容器失效模式和失效机理(Capacitor failure modes and failure mechanisms)
Capacitor failure mode: common breakdown, open circuit, the electrical parameters (including capacitance deviation, loss tangent increases, insulation performance degradation or leakage current work on the rise, leakage, etc.) lead to corrosion or fracture, insulator rupture or surface flashover. The cause of capacitor failure is various various. Various types of capacitor materials, structure, manufacturing process, properties and use of different circumstances, failure mechanisms are not the same.
The main mechanisms of the common failure modes are summarized as follows
1, seven common failure modes
(1) the main failure mechanism of capacitor breakdown
A dielectric material having defects or defects, or containing electrically conductive impurities or electrically conductive particles;
Dielectric aging and thermal aging of dielectrics;
Electrochemical reaction in dielectric;
Silver ion migration;
Dielectric is subjected to mechanical damage in the manufacture of capacitors;
The change of dielectric molecular structure;
In high humidity or low pressure environment in pole arc;
In the mechanical stress under the action of instantaneous short circuit dielectric.
(2) the main failure mechanism of capacitor open circuit
The self healing of the lead wire leads to the insulation of the electrode and the lead wire;
Lead line and electrode contact surface oxidation, cause low level open circuit;
The contact between lead line and electrode is bad;
Electrolytic capacitor, anode drawing foil, corrosion fracture;
Liquid work table electrolyte drying or freezing;
The mechanical force is open. The instantaneous dielectric
(3) the main failure mechanism of the deterioration of the capacitors electrical parameters
Wetting or surface contamination;
Silver ion migration;
Self-healing effect;
Dielectric aging and thermal aging;
The electrolyte is volatile and thickened;
The electrode corrosion;
The dielectric corrosion and
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