大肠杆菌对七种常见抗菌药的敏感性试验.docVIP

畜禽大肠杆菌对七种常见抗菌药的敏感性试验 董卫超 （2010届动医专升本08-2） 摘要：为了的了解河南地区的大肠杆菌耐药情况，更好的对大肠杆菌病进行有效防治，近期从河南省内数家养殖场的带病或死亡的猪、鸡、鸭分离、鉴定大肠杆菌17株，采用微量肉汤稀释法测定它们对几种常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果显示：不同源地的大肠杆菌,对单用氟苯尼考、强力霉素的耐药率高达94.1%~100%；单用克林沙星的抗菌活性最强，仅5.9%的菌株产生耐药； SMM/TMP（5/1）联用对大多数菌株的MIC值几乎都是≥640 μg/mL；以上结果表明：在河南地区大量存在着耐药大肠杆菌菌株，而且磺胺类药物与叶酸代谢途径抑制剂联用仍表现出较高的耐药率，而单用克林沙星能收到较好的效果。 关键词：药物敏感性实验；最小抑菌浓度；大肠杆菌；耐药性；猪；禽 The Antibiotics susceptibility test of several commonly used antibiotics against Animal E coli DONG Wei-chao (Class 2 of Animal Veterinary, Graduated in 2010) Abstract: In order to understand the resistance of E. coli in Henan and to carry out effective prevention and treatment of E. coli illness, recently we isolated and identifide 17 strains of E. coli from several farms of pigs, chickens, ducks in Henan Province. Microdilution was used to measure their sensitivity to several common antibiotics. The results showed that the rate is as high as 94.1% to 100% when we single use of florfenicol, doxycycline resistance to different sources of E. coli.The antibacterial activity is strongest when we single use Clinafloxacin,the drug resistance and the drug resistance is just 5.9%. Combined SMM with TMP,the MIC is almost ≥640 μg/mL. These results suggest that lots of resistant E. coli is presenced in Henan.And high resistance rates were show when sulfonamides combined folic acid metabolic pathway inhibitors combined. And clinafloxacin receive good results Key words: Drug sensitivity test; Minimum inhibitory concentration; E. coli; Resistance; Swine;Poultry 近期随着畜禽养殖业的快速发展，大肠杆菌病已成为危害养殖业的主要传染病之一。近年来，由于长期大量抗菌药物的滥用，造成大肠杆菌耐药菌株不断产生，尤其是兽医临床已出现多重耐药性、超强耐药的大肠杆菌，即同时对兽医临床常用抗菌药物：如β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类、氯霉素类和氟 喹诺酮类等产生耐药性[1]，导致常规药物的药效降低甚至消失，临床可供选择药物的余地越来越少，大肠杆菌病的防治难度日益增加，给养殖业造成了严重的损失。 氟苯尼考（Florfenicol）属动物专用的广谱抗生素，具有广谱、高效、低毒、吸收良好体内分布广泛和不致再生障碍性贫血等特点。多西环素(Doxycycline)是四环素类药物中毒性小、抗菌活性强和与天然品交叉耐药不明显而被广泛应用。喹诺酮类（quinolones）是指一类具有4-喹诺酮环结构的药物，具有抗菌谱广，杀菌力强，吸收快、体内分布广泛，抗菌作用独特，与其他抗菌药物无交叉耐药性。克林沙星属于第四代喹诺酮类药物，抗菌谱广、杀菌力强、吸收快、体内分布广、血浆半衰期较长,有望在临床上广泛用于各种感染[2