孔子跨文化交际英语原文.docxVIP

Confucius (551-479 BCE), according to Chinese tradition, was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. His teachings, preserved in the Lunyu or Analects, form the foundation of much of subsequent Chinese speculation on the education and comportment of the ideal man, how such an individual should live his live and interact with others, and the forms of society and government in which he should participate. Fung Yu-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.Model Teacher for All Ages—ConfuciusConfucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behavior.Four BooksThe Analects of Confucious Mencius The Great Learning The Doctrine of the MeanFive ClassicsThe Book of Poetry 《诗》 The Book of Documents 《书》The Records of Rites 《礼》 The Book of Changes 《易》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《春秋》Government by Virtue(以德治国)Virtue is central to Confucius’ ideas. The ruler should be upright and he should rule a country by virtue. This is a political tradition of China since ancient time.Confucius is perhaps the most influential individual in Asian history, not so much for his views on government as for his teachings on the proper relationships and conduct among people. ----ScarboroughPeople were impressed by his integrity, honesty, and particularly his pleasant personality and his enthusiasm as a teacher. Three thousand people came to study under him and over seventy became well-established scholars.----McGrealOur knowledge of the life of Confucius is somewhat sketchy, and rife with legend. Confucius was born in 551 B.C. in the small feudal state of Lu, which is now the Shandong province in eastern China. Confucius dabbled at various careers early in his l